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- ;;; -*- Mode: Lisp; Package: KERNEL; Log: code.log -*-
- ;;;
- ;;; **********************************************************************
- ;;; This code was written as part of the CMU Common Lisp project at
- ;;; Carnegie Mellon University, and has been placed in the public domain.
- ;;; If you want to use this code or any part of CMU Common Lisp, please contact
- ;;; Scott Fahlman or slisp-group@cs.cmu.edu.
- ;;;
- (ext:file-comment
- "$Header: float.lisp,v 1.9 92/02/07 11:20:16 ram Exp $")
- ;;;
- ;;; **********************************************************************
- ;;;
- ;;; This file contains the definitions of float specific number support
- ;;; (other than irrational stuff, which is in irrat.) There is code in here
- ;;; that assumes there are only two float formats: IEEE single and double.
- ;;;
- ;;; Author: Rob MacLachlan
- ;;;
- (in-package "KERNEL")
- (export '(%unary-truncate %unary-round))
-
- (in-package "LISP")
- (export '(least-positive-normalized-short-float
- least-positive-normalized-single-float
- least-positive-normalized-double-float
- least-positive-normalized-long-float
- least-negative-normalized-short-float
- least-negative-normalized-single-float
- least-negative-normalized-double-float
- least-negative-normalized-long-float
- least-positive-single-float
- least-positive-short-float
- least-negative-single-float
- least-negative-short-float
- least-positive-double-float
- least-positive-long-float
- least-negative-double-float
- least-negative-long-float
- most-positive-single-float
- most-positive-short-float
- most-negative-single-float
- most-negative-short-float
- most-positive-double-float
- most-positive-long-float
- most-negative-double-float
- most-negative-long-float))
-
- (in-package "EXTENSIONS")
- (export '(single-float-positive-infinity short-float-positive-infinity
- double-float-positive-infinity long-float-positive-infinity
- single-float-negative-infinity short-float-negative-infinity
- double-float-negative-infinity long-float-negative-infinity
- set-floating-point-modes float-denormalized-p float-nan-p
- float-trapping-nan-p float-infinity-p))
-
- (in-package "KERNEL")
-
-
- ;;;; Utilities:
-
- ;;; SINGLE-FROM-BITS, DOUBLE-FROM-BITS -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; These functions let us create floats from bits with the significand
- ;;; uniformly represented as an integer. This is less efficient for double
- ;;; floats, but is more convenient when making special values, etc.
- ;;;
- (defun single-from-bits (sign exp sig)
- (declare (type bit sign) (type (unsigned-byte 24) sig)
- (type (unsigned-byte 8) exp))
- (make-single-float
- (dpb exp vm:single-float-exponent-byte
- (dpb sig vm:single-float-significand-byte
- (if (zerop sign) 0 -1)))))
- ;;;
- (defun double-from-bits (sign exp sig)
- (declare (type bit sign) (type (unsigned-byte 53) sig)
- (type (unsigned-byte 11) exp))
- (make-double-float (dpb exp vm:double-float-exponent-byte
- (dpb (ash sig -32) vm:double-float-significand-byte
- (if (zerop sign) 0 -1)))
- (ldb (byte 32 0) sig)))
-
-
- ;;;; Float parameters:
-
- (defconstant least-positive-single-float (single-from-bits 0 0 1))
- (defconstant least-positive-short-float least-positive-single-float)
- (defconstant least-negative-single-float (single-from-bits 1 0 1))
- (defconstant least-negative-short-float least-negative-single-float)
- (defconstant least-positive-double-float (double-from-bits 0 0 1))
- (defconstant least-positive-long-float least-positive-double-float)
- (defconstant least-negative-double-float (double-from-bits 1 0 1))
- (defconstant least-negative-long-float least-negative-double-float)
-
- (defconstant least-positive-normalized-single-float
- (single-from-bits 0 vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min 0))
- (defconstant least-positive-normalized-short-float
- least-positive-normalized-single-float)
- (defconstant least-negative-normalized-single-float
- (single-from-bits 1 vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min 0))
- (defconstant least-negative-normalized-short-float
- least-negative-normalized-single-float)
- (defconstant least-positive-normalized-double-float
- (double-from-bits 0 vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min 0))
- (defconstant least-positive-normalized-long-float
- least-positive-normalized-double-float)
- (defconstant least-negative-normalized-double-float
- (double-from-bits 1 vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min 0))
- (defconstant least-negative-normalized-long-float
- least-negative-normalized-double-float)
-
- (defconstant most-positive-single-float
- (single-from-bits 0 vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max
- (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte -1)))
- (defconstant most-positive-short-float most-positive-single-float)
- (defconstant most-negative-single-float
- (single-from-bits 1 vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max
- (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte -1)))
- (defconstant most-negative-short-float most-negative-single-float)
- (defconstant most-positive-double-float
- (double-from-bits 0 vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max
- (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte -1)))
- (defconstant most-positive-long-float most-positive-double-float)
- (defconstant most-negative-double-float
- (double-from-bits 1 vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max
- (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte -1)))
- (defconstant most-negative-long-float most-negative-double-float)
-
- (defconstant single-float-positive-infinity
- (single-from-bits 0 (1+ vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max) 0))
- (defconstant short-float-positive-infinity single-float-positive-infinity)
- (defconstant single-float-negative-infinity
- (single-from-bits 1 (1+ vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max) 0))
- (defconstant short-float-negative-infinity single-float-negative-infinity)
- (defconstant double-float-positive-infinity
- (double-from-bits 0 (1+ vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max) 0))
- (defconstant long-float-positive-infinity double-float-positive-infinity)
- (defconstant double-float-negative-infinity
- (double-from-bits 1 (1+ vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max) 0))
- (defconstant long-float-negative-infinity double-float-negative-infinity)
-
- (defconstant single-float-epsilon
- (single-from-bits 0 (- vm:single-float-bias (1- vm:single-float-digits)) 1))
- (defconstant short-float-epsilon single-float-epsilon)
- (defconstant single-float-negative-epsilon
- (single-from-bits 0 (- vm:single-float-bias vm:single-float-digits) 1))
- (defconstant short-float-negative-epsilon single-float-negative-epsilon)
- (defconstant double-float-epsilon
- (double-from-bits 0 (- vm:double-float-bias (1- vm:double-float-digits)) 1))
- (defconstant long-float-epsilon double-float-epsilon)
- (defconstant double-float-negative-epsilon
- (double-from-bits 0 (- vm:double-float-bias vm:double-float-digits) 1))
- (defconstant long-float-negative-epsilon double-float-negative-epsilon)
-
-
- ;;;; Float predicates and environment query:
-
- (proclaim '(maybe-inline float-denormalized-p float-infinity-p float-nan-p
- float-trapping-nan-p))
-
- ;;; FLOAT-DENORMALIZED-P -- Public
- ;;;
- (defun float-denormalized-p (x)
- "Return true if the float X is denormalized."
- (number-dispatch ((x float))
- ((single-float)
- (and (zerop (ldb vm:single-float-exponent-byte (single-float-bits x)))
- (not (zerop x))))
- ((double-float)
- (and (zerop (ldb vm:double-float-exponent-byte
- (double-float-high-bits x)))
- (not (zerop x))))))
-
- (macrolet ((frob (name doc single double)
- `(defun ,name (x)
- ,doc
- (number-dispatch ((x float))
- ((single-float)
- (let ((bits (single-float-bits x)))
- (and (> (ldb vm:single-float-exponent-byte bits)
- vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max)
- ,single)))
- ((double-float)
- (let ((hi (double-float-high-bits x))
- (lo (double-float-low-bits x)))
- (and (> (ldb vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi)
- vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max)
- ,double)))))))
-
- (frob float-infinity-p "Return true if the float X is an infinity (+ or -)."
- (zerop (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte bits))
- (and (zerop (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte hi))
- (zerop lo)))
-
- (frob float-nan-p "Return true if the float X is a NaN (Not a Number)."
- (not (zerop (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte bits)))
- (or (not (zerop (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte hi)))
- (not (zerop lo))))
-
- (frob float-trapping-nan-p
- "Return true if the float X is a trapping NaN (Not a Number)."
- (not (zerop (logand (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte bits)
- vm:single-float-trapping-nan-bit)))
- (progn
- lo; ignore
- (not (zerop (logand (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte hi)
- vm:double-float-trapping-nan-bit))))))
-
-
- ;;; FLOAT-PRECISION -- Public
- ;;;
- ;;; If denormalized, use a subfunction from INTEGER-DECODE-FLOAT to find the
- ;;; actual exponent (and hence how denormalized it is), otherwise we just
- ;;; return the number of digits or 0.
- ;;;
- (proclaim '(maybe-inline float-precision))
- (defun float-precision (f)
- "Returns a non-negative number of significant digits in it's float argument.
- Will be less than FLOAT-DIGITS if denormalized or zero."
- (macrolet ((frob (digits bias decode)
- `(cond ((zerop f) 0)
- ((float-denormalized-p f)
- (multiple-value-bind (ignore exp)
- (,decode f)
- (declare (ignore ignore))
- (truly-the fixnum
- (+ ,digits (1- ,digits) ,bias exp))))
- (t
- ,digits))))
- (number-dispatch ((f float))
- ((single-float)
- (frob vm:single-float-digits vm:single-float-bias
- integer-decode-single-denorm))
- ((double-float)
- (frob vm:double-float-digits vm:double-float-bias
- integer-decode-double-denorm)))))
-
-
- (defun float-sign (float1 &optional (float2 (float 1 float1)))
- "Returns a floating-point number that has the same sign as
- float1 and, if float2 is given, has the same absolute value
- as float2."
- (declare (float float1 float2))
- (float-sign float1 float2))
-
- (defun float-format-digits (format)
- (ecase format
- ((short-float single-float) vm:single-float-digits)
- ((double-float long-float) vm:double-float-digits)))
-
- (proclaim '(inline float-digits float-radix))
-
- (defun float-digits (f)
- "Returns a non-negative number of radix-b digits used in the
- representation of it's argument. See Common Lisp: The Language
- by Guy Steele for more details."
- (number-dispatch ((f float))
- ((single-float) vm:single-float-digits)
- ((double-float) vm:double-float-digits)))
-
- (defun float-radix (f)
- "Returns (as an integer) the radix b of its floating-point
- argument."
- (declare (ignore f))
- 2)
-
-
-
- ;;;; INTEGER-DECODE-FLOAT and DECODE-FLOAT:
-
- (proclaim '(maybe-inline integer-decode-single-float
- integer-decode-double-float))
-
- ;;; INTEGER-DECODE-SINGLE-DENORM -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Handle the denormalized case of INTEGER-DECODE-FLOAT for SINGLE-FLOAT.
- ;;;
- (defun integer-decode-single-denorm (x)
- (declare (type single-float x))
- (let* ((bits (single-float-bits (abs x)))
- (sig (ash (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte bits) 1))
- (extra-bias 0))
- (declare (type (unsigned-byte 24) sig)
- (type (integer 0 23) extra-bias))
- (loop
- (unless (zerop (logand sig vm:single-float-hidden-bit))
- (return))
- (setq sig (ash sig 1))
- (incf extra-bias))
- (values sig
- (- (- vm:single-float-bias) vm:single-float-digits extra-bias)
- (if (minusp (float-sign x)) -1 1))))
-
-
- ;;; INTEGER-DECODE-SINGLE-FLOAT -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Handle the single-float case of INTEGER-DECODE-FLOAT. If an infinity or
- ;;; NAN, error. If a denorm, call i-d-s-DENORM to handle it.
- ;;;
- (defun integer-decode-single-float (x)
- (declare (single-float x))
- (let* ((bits (single-float-bits (abs x)))
- (exp (ldb vm:single-float-exponent-byte bits))
- (sig (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte bits))
- (sign (if (minusp (float-sign x)) -1 1))
- (biased (- exp vm:single-float-bias vm:single-float-digits)))
- (declare (fixnum biased))
- (unless (<= exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (error "Can't decode NAN or infinity: ~S." x))
- (cond ((and (zerop exp) (zerop sig))
- (values 0 biased sign))
- ((< exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (integer-decode-single-denorm x))
- (t
- (values (logior sig vm:single-float-hidden-bit) biased sign)))))
-
-
- ;;; INTEGER-DECODE-DOUBLE-DENORM -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Like INTEGER-DECODE-SINGLE-DENORM, only doubly so.
- ;;;
- (defun integer-decode-double-denorm (x)
- (declare (type double-float x))
- (let* ((high-bits (double-float-high-bits (abs x)))
- (sig-high (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte high-bits))
- (low-bits (double-float-low-bits x))
- (sign (if (minusp (float-sign x)) -1 1))
- (biased (- (- vm:double-float-bias) vm:double-float-digits)))
- (if (zerop sig-high)
- (let ((sig low-bits)
- (extra-bias (- vm:double-float-digits 33))
- (bit (ash 1 31)))
- (declare (type (unsigned-byte 32) sig) (fixnum extra-bias))
- (loop
- (unless (zerop (logand sig bit)) (return))
- (setq sig (ash sig 1))
- (incf extra-bias))
- (values (ash sig (- vm:double-float-digits 32))
- (truly-the fixnum (- biased extra-bias))
- sign))
- (let ((sig (ash sig-high 1))
- (extra-bias 0))
- (declare (type (unsigned-byte 32) sig) (fixnum extra-bias))
- (loop
- (unless (zerop (logand sig vm:double-float-hidden-bit))
- (return))
- (setq sig (ash sig 1))
- (incf extra-bias))
- (values (logior (ash sig 32) (ash low-bits (1- extra-bias)))
- (truly-the fixnum (- biased extra-bias))
- sign)))))
-
-
- ;;; INTEGER-DECODE-DOUBLE-FLOAT -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Like INTEGER-DECODE-SINGLE-FLOAT, only doubly so.
- ;;;
- (defun integer-decode-double-float (x)
- (declare (double-float x))
- (let* ((abs (abs x))
- (hi (double-float-high-bits abs))
- (lo (double-float-low-bits abs))
- (exp (ldb vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi))
- (sig (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte hi))
- (sign (if (minusp (float-sign x)) -1 1))
- (biased (- exp vm:double-float-bias vm:double-float-digits)))
- (declare (fixnum biased))
- (unless (<= exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (error "Can't decode NAN or infinity: ~S." x))
- (cond ((and (zerop exp) (zerop sig) (zerop lo))
- (values 0 biased sign))
- ((< exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (integer-decode-double-denorm x))
- (t
- (values
- (logior (ash (logior (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte hi)
- vm:double-float-hidden-bit)
- 32)
- lo)
- biased sign)))))
-
-
- ;;; INTEGER-DECODE-FLOAT -- Public
- ;;;
- ;;; Dispatch to the correct type-specific i-d-f function.
- ;;;
- (defun integer-decode-float (x)
- "Returns three values:
- 1) an integer representation of the significand.
- 2) the exponent for the power of 2 that the significand must be multiplied
- by to get the actual value. This differs from the DECODE-FLOAT exponent
- by FLOAT-DIGITS, since the significand has been scaled to have all its
- digits before the radix point.
- 3) -1 or 1 (i.e. the sign of the argument.)"
- (number-dispatch ((x float))
- ((single-float)
- (integer-decode-single-float x))
- ((double-float)
- (integer-decode-double-float x))))
-
-
- (proclaim '(maybe-inline decode-single-float decode-double-float))
-
- ;;; DECODE-SINGLE-DENORM -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Handle the denormalized case of DECODE-SINGLE-FLOAT. We call
- ;;; INTEGER-DECODE-SINGLE-DENORM and then make the result into a float.
- ;;;
- (defun decode-single-denorm (x)
- (declare (type single-float x))
- (multiple-value-bind (sig exp sign)
- (integer-decode-single-denorm x)
- (values (make-single-float
- (dpb sig vm:single-float-significand-byte
- (dpb vm:single-float-bias vm:single-float-exponent-byte 0)))
- (truly-the fixnum (+ exp vm:single-float-digits))
- (float sign x))))
-
-
- ;;; DECODE-SINGLE-FLOAT -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Handle the single-float case of DECODE-FLOAT. If an infinity or NAN,
- ;;; error. If a denorm, call d-s-DENORM to handle it.
- ;;;
- (defun decode-single-float (x)
- (declare (single-float x))
- (let* ((bits (single-float-bits (abs x)))
- (exp (ldb vm:single-float-exponent-byte bits))
- (sign (float-sign x))
- (biased (truly-the single-float-exponent
- (- exp vm:single-float-bias))))
- (unless (<= exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (error "Can't decode NAN or infinity: ~S." x))
- (cond ((zerop x)
- (values 0.0f0 biased sign))
- ((< exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (decode-single-denorm x))
- (t
- (values (make-single-float
- (dpb vm:single-float-bias
- vm:single-float-exponent-byte
- bits))
- biased sign)))))
-
-
- ;;; DECODE-DOUBLE-DENORM -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Like DECODE-SINGLE-DENORM, only doubly so.
- ;;;
- (defun decode-double-denorm (x)
- (declare (double-float x))
- (multiple-value-bind (sig exp sign)
- (integer-decode-double-denorm x)
- (values (make-double-float
- (dpb (logand (ash sig -32) (lognot vm:double-float-hidden-bit))
- vm:double-float-significand-byte
- (dpb vm:double-float-bias vm:double-float-exponent-byte 0))
- (ldb (byte 32 0) sig))
- (truly-the fixnum (+ exp vm:double-float-digits))
- (float sign x))))
-
-
- ;;; DECODE-DOUBLE-FLOAT -- Public
- ;;;
- ;;; Like DECODE-SINGLE-FLOAT, only doubly so.
- ;;;
- (defun decode-double-float (x)
- (declare (double-float x))
- (let* ((abs (abs x))
- (hi (double-float-high-bits abs))
- (lo (double-float-low-bits abs))
- (exp (ldb vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi))
- (sign (float-sign x))
- (biased (truly-the double-float-exponent
- (- exp vm:double-float-bias))))
- (unless (<= exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (error "Can't decode NAN or infinity: ~S." x))
- (cond ((zerop x)
- (values 0.0d0 biased sign))
- ((< exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (decode-double-denorm x))
- (t
- (values (make-double-float
- (dpb vm:double-float-bias vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi)
- lo)
- biased sign)))))
-
-
- ;;; DECODE-FLOAT -- Public
- ;;;
- ;;; Dispatch to the appropriate type-specific function.
- ;;;
- (defun decode-float (f)
- "Returns three values:
- 1) a floating-point number representing the significand. This is always
- between 0.5 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive).
- 2) an integer representing the exponent.
- 3) -1.0 or 1.0 (i.e. the sign of the argument.)"
- (number-dispatch ((f float))
- ((single-float)
- (decode-single-float f))
- ((double-float)
- (decode-double-float f))))
-
-
- ;;;; SCALE-FLOAT:
-
- (proclaim '(maybe-inline scale-single-float scale-double-float))
-
- ;;; SCALE-FLOAT-MAYBE-UNDERFLOW -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Handle float scaling where the X is denormalized or the result is
- ;;; denormalized or underflows to 0.
- ;;;
- (defun scale-float-maybe-underflow (x exp)
- (multiple-value-bind (sig old-exp)
- (integer-decode-float x)
- (let* ((digits (float-digits x))
- (new-exp (+ exp old-exp digits
- (etypecase x
- (single-float vm:single-float-bias)
- (double-float vm:double-float-bias))))
- (sign (if (minusp (float-sign x)) 1 0)))
- (cond
- ((< new-exp
- (etypecase x
- (single-float vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (double-float vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min)))
- (when (vm:current-float-trap :inexact)
- (error 'floating-point-inexact :operation 'scale-float
- :operands (list x exp)))
- (when (vm:current-float-trap :underflow)
- (error 'floating-point-underflow :operation 'scale-float
- :operands (list x exp)))
- (let ((shift (1- new-exp)))
- (if (< shift (- (1- digits)))
- (float-sign x 0.0)
- (etypecase x
- (single-float (single-from-bits sign 0 (ash sig shift)))
- (double-float (double-from-bits sign 0 (ash sig shift)))))))
- (t
- (etypecase x
- (single-float (single-from-bits sign new-exp sig))
- (double-float (double-from-bits sign new-exp sig))))))))
-
-
- ;;; SCALE-FLOAT-MAYBE-OVERFLOW -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Called when scaling a float overflows, or the oringinal float was a NaN
- ;;; or infinity. If overflow errors are trapped, then error, otherwise return
- ;;; the appropriate infinity. If a NaN, signal or not as appropriate.
- ;;;
- (defun scale-float-maybe-overflow (x exp)
- (cond
- ((float-infinity-p x)
- ;; Infinity is infinity, no matter how small...
- x)
- ((float-nan-p x)
- (when (and (float-trapping-nan-p x)
- (vm:current-float-trap :invalid))
- (error 'floating-point-invalid :operation 'scale-float
- :operands (list x exp)))
- x)
- (t
- (when (vm:current-float-trap :overflow)
- (error 'floating-point-overflow :operation 'scale-float
- :operands (list x exp)))
- (when (vm:current-float-trap :inexact)
- (error 'floating-point-inexact :operation 'scale-float
- :operands (list x exp)))
- (* (float-sign x)
- (etypecase x
- (single-float single-float-positive-infinity)
- (double-float double-float-positive-infinity))))))
-
-
- ;;; SCALE-SINGLE-FLOAT, SCALE-DOUBLE-FLOAT -- Internal
- ;;;
- ;;; Scale a single or double float, calling the correct over/underflow
- ;;; functions.
- ;;;
- (defun scale-single-float (x exp)
- (declare (single-float x) (fixnum exp))
- (let* ((bits (single-float-bits x))
- (old-exp (ldb vm:single-float-exponent-byte bits))
- (new-exp (+ old-exp exp)))
- (cond
- ((zerop x) x)
- ((or (< old-exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (< new-exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-min))
- (scale-float-maybe-underflow x exp))
- ((or (> old-exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (> new-exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max))
- (scale-float-maybe-overflow x exp))
- (t
- (make-single-float (dpb new-exp vm:single-float-exponent-byte bits))))))
- ;;;
- (defun scale-double-float (x exp)
- (declare (double-float x) (fixnum exp))
- (let* ((hi (double-float-high-bits x))
- (lo (double-float-low-bits x))
- (old-exp (ldb vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi))
- (new-exp (+ old-exp exp)))
- (cond
- ((zerop x) x)
- ((or (< old-exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min)
- (< new-exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-min))
- (scale-float-maybe-underflow x exp))
- ((or (> old-exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (> new-exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max))
- (scale-float-maybe-overflow x exp))
- (t
- (make-double-float (dpb new-exp vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi)
- lo)))))
-
-
- ;;; SCALE-FLOAT -- Public
- ;;;
- ;;; Dispatch to the correct type-specific scale-float function.
- ;;;
- (defun scale-float (f ex)
- "Returns the value (* f (expt (float 2 f) ex)), but with no unnecessary loss
- of precision or overflow."
- (number-dispatch ((f float))
- ((single-float)
- (scale-single-float f ex))
- ((double-float)
- (scale-double-float f ex))))
-
-
- ;;;; Converting to/from floats:
-
- (defun float (number &optional (other () otherp))
- "Converts any REAL to a float. If OTHER is not provided, it returns a
- SINGLE-FLOAT if NUMBER is not already a FLOAT. If OTHER is provided, the
- result is the same float format as OTHER."
- (if otherp
- (number-dispatch ((number real) (other float))
- (((foreach rational single-float double-float)
- (foreach single-float double-float))
- (coerce number '(dispatch-type other))))
- (if (floatp number)
- number
- (coerce number 'single-float))))
-
-
- (macrolet ((frob (name type)
- `(defun ,name (x)
- (number-dispatch ((x real))
- (((foreach single-float double-float fixnum))
- (coerce x ',type))
- ((bignum)
- (bignum-to-float x ',type))
- ((ratio)
- (let ((num (numerator x))
- (den (denominator x)))
- (if (and (fixnump num) (fixnump den))
- (/ (coerce num ',type) (coerce den ',type))
- (float-bignum-ratio x ',type))))))))
- (frob %single-float single-float)
- (frob %double-float double-float))
-
-
- #|
- These might be useful if we ever have a machine w/o float/integer conversion
- hardware. For now, we'll use special ops that uninterruptibly frob the
- rounding modes & do ieee round-to-integer.
-
- ;;; %UNARY-TRUNCATE-SINGLE-FLOAT/FIXNUM -- Interface
- ;;;
- ;;; The compiler compiles a call to this when we are doing %UNARY-TRUNCATE
- ;;; and the result is known to be a fixnum. We can avoid some generic
- ;;; arithmetic in this case.
- ;;;
- (defun %unary-truncate-single-float/fixnum (x)
- (declare (single-float x) (values fixnum))
- (locally (declare (optimize (speed 3) (safety 0)))
- (let* ((bits (single-float-bits x))
- (exp (ldb vm:single-float-exponent-byte bits))
- (frac (logior (ldb vm:single-float-significand-byte bits)
- vm:single-float-hidden-bit))
- (shift (- exp vm:single-float-digits vm:single-float-bias)))
- (when (> exp vm:single-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (error 'floating-point-invalid :operator 'truncate
- :operands (list x)))
- (if (<= shift (- vm:single-float-digits))
- 0
- (let ((res (ash frac shift)))
- (declare (type (unsigned-byte 31) res))
- (if (minusp bits)
- (- res)
- res))))))
-
-
- ;;; %UNARY-TRUNCATE-DOUBLE-FLOAT/FIXNUM -- Interface
- ;;;
- ;;; Double-float version of this operation (see above single op).
- ;;;
- (defun %unary-truncate-double-float/fixnum (x)
- (declare (double-float x) (values fixnum))
- (locally (declare (optimize (speed 3) (safety 0)))
- (let* ((hi-bits (double-float-high-bits x))
- (exp (ldb vm:double-float-exponent-byte hi-bits))
- (frac (logior (ldb vm:double-float-significand-byte hi-bits)
- vm:double-float-hidden-bit))
- (shift (- exp (- vm:double-float-digits vm:word-bits)
- vm:double-float-bias)))
- (when (> exp vm:double-float-normal-exponent-max)
- (error 'floating-point-invalid :operator 'truncate
- :operands (list x)))
- (if (<= shift (- vm:word-bits vm:double-float-digits))
- 0
- (let* ((res-hi (ash frac shift))
- (res (if (plusp shift)
- (logior res-hi
- (the fixnum
- (ash (double-float-low-bits x)
- (- shift vm:word-bits))))
- res-hi)))
- (declare (type (unsigned-byte 31) res-hi res))
- (if (minusp hi-bits)
- (- res)
- res))))))
- |#
-
-
- ;;; %UNARY-TRUNCATE -- Interface
- ;;;
- ;;; This function is called when we are doing a truncate without any funky
- ;;; divisor, i.e. converting a float or ratio to an integer. Note that we do
- ;;; *not* return the second value of truncate, so it must be computed by the
- ;;; caller if needed.
- ;;;
- ;;; In the float case, we pick off small arguments so that compiler can use
- ;;; special-case operations. We use an exclusive test, since (due to round-off
- ;;; error), (float most-positive-fixnum) may be greater than
- ;;; most-positive-fixnum.
- ;;;
- (defun %unary-truncate (number)
- (number-dispatch ((number real))
- ((integer) number)
- ((ratio) (values (truncate (numerator number) (denominator number))))
- (((foreach single-float double-float))
- (if (< (float most-negative-fixnum number)
- number
- (float most-positive-fixnum number))
- (truly-the fixnum (%unary-truncate number))
- (multiple-value-bind (bits exp)
- (integer-decode-float number)
- (let ((res (ash bits exp)))
- (if (minusp number)
- (- res)
- res)))))))
-
-
- ;;; %UNARY-ROUND -- Interface
- ;;;
- ;;; Similar to %UNARY-TRUNCATE, but rounds to the nearest integer. If we
- ;;; can't use the round primitive, then we do our own round-to-nearest on the
- ;;; result of i-d-f. [Note that this rounding will really only happen with
- ;;; double floats, since the whole single-float fraction will fit in a fixnum,
- ;;; so all single-floats larger than most-positive-fixnum can be precisely
- ;;; represented by an integer.]
- ;;;
- (defun %unary-round (number)
- (number-dispatch ((number real))
- ((integer) number)
- ((ratio) (values (round (numerator number) (denominator number))))
- (((foreach single-float double-float))
- (if (< (float most-negative-fixnum number)
- number
- (float most-positive-fixnum number))
- (truly-the fixnum (%unary-round number))
- (multiple-value-bind (bits exp)
- (integer-decode-float number)
- (let* ((shifted (ash bits exp))
- (rounded (if (and (minusp exp)
- (oddp shifted)
- (eql (logand bits
- (lognot (ash -1 (- exp))))
- (ash 1 (- -1 exp))))
- (1+ shifted)
- shifted)))
- (if (minusp number)
- (- rounded)
- rounded)))))))
-
-
- (defun rational (x)
- "RATIONAL produces a rational number for any real numeric argument. This is
- more efficient than RATIONALIZE, but it assumes that floating-point is
- completely accurate, giving a result that isn't as pretty."
- (number-dispatch ((x real))
- (((foreach single-float double-float))
- (multiple-value-bind (bits exp)
- (integer-decode-float x)
- (if (eql bits 0)
- 0
- (let* ((int (if (minusp x) (- bits) bits))
- (digits (float-digits x))
- (ex (+ exp digits)))
- (if (minusp ex)
- (integer-/-integer int (ash 1 (+ digits (- ex))))
- (integer-/-integer (ash int ex) (ash 1 digits)))))))
- ((rational) x)))
-
-
- (defun rationalize (x)
- "Converts any REAL to a RATIONAL. Floats are converted to a simple rational
- representation exploiting the assumption that floats are only accurate to
- their precision. RATIONALIZE (and also RATIONAL) preserve the invariant:
- (= x (float (rationalize x) x))"
- (number-dispatch ((x real))
- (((foreach single-float double-float))
- ;; Thanks to Kim Fateman, who stole this function rationalize-float
- ;; from macsyma's rational. Macsyma'a rationalize was written
- ;; by the legendary Gosper (rwg). Gosper is now working for Symbolics.
- ;; Guy Steele said about Gosper, "He has been called the
- ;; only living 17th century mathematician and is also the best
- ;; pdp-10 hacker I know." So, if you can understand or debug this
- ;; code you win big.
- (cond ((minusp x) (- (rationalize (- x))))
- ((zerop x) 0)
- (t
- (let ((eps (if (typep x 'single-float)
- single-float-epsilon
- double-float-epsilon))
- (y ())
- (a ()))
- (do ((xx x (setq y (/ (float 1.0 x) (- xx (float a x)))))
- (num (setq a (truncate x))
- (+ (* (setq a (truncate y)) num) onum))
- (den 1 (+ (* a den) oden))
- (onum 1 num)
- (oden 0 den))
- ((and (not (zerop den))
- (not (> (abs (/ (- x (/ (float num x)
- (float den x)))
- x))
- eps)))
- (integer-/-integer num den))
- (declare ((dispatch-type x) xx)))))))
- ((rational) x)))
-